In vitro fertilization, the endometrium “thin, thick” affect embryo implantation
Nowadays many pregnant women are faced with the problem of “soil erosion” of the endometrium, resulting in the embryo “seed” can not be planted in the “land” of the intima. Many more women in test tubes have not been able to transplant due to intima. What kind of endometrium is suitable for embryo cultivation and growth of it? Is it better to thicken the endometrium?
Neither normal nor abnormal endometrium, there is no fixed standard value. Endometrial thickness is based on the level of ovarian sex hormone fluctuations in the menstrual period, hyperplasia, secretory phase of three stages, from exfoliation to growth and fertility. Endometrial thickness from the end of menstruation just about 5mm, to the menstrual before the resurgence of about 14mm periodic dynamic changes.
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Menstrual period
Menstrual period of estrogen and progesterone levels decreased, reduced endometrial blood flow, damaged ischemic tissue necrosis. Degeneration, necrosis of the intima and blood mixed discharge, the formation of menstrual blood. Endometrial at this time in the shedding state, the thickness of about 1 ~ 4m.
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Hyperplasia
With the ebb tide of menstruation, follicles in the ovary begin to grow, and the endometrium gradually thickens under the action of the estrogen secreted by follicles, until the end of menstruation is terminated, the endometrium is repaired. Until the late stage of proliferation, the thickness of the endometrium can be widened to 9 ~ 10mm.
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Secretion
Ovarian secretions ovulation, corpus luteum formation, the role of progesterone continue to thicken, and more and more soft. Until the late secretory phase, sponge-like endometrial, glycogen and other secretions overflow. Endometrial thickness thickened to 10 ~ 12mm.
“Female uterine environment will have a direct impact on the success rate of IVF, while the quality of the uterus is mainly depends on the uterine morphology and thickness of the intima.”
If the endometrium is too thin, it will directly lead to the inability of the blastula to get implanted or cause the blastocyst to re-free due to lack of nutrition after implantation, resulting in infertility. Only moderate endometrial thickness in order to ensure normal implantation, pregnancy, it is recommended that patients with the best endometrial adjustment to the most suitable range (8 ~ 12mm), and then blastocyst transplantation, the success rate will be protected .
Endometrium is too thick?
If the endometrial thickness of more than 14mm, then too thick. Under normal circumstances, the female endometrium will occur with the cyclical nature of the ovary, such as proliferative endometrium about 9 ~ 10mm; secretory phase, the endometrium about 5 ~ 6mm; menstrual period, the endometrium about 8 ~ 10mm. This physiological thickening is not harmful.
Ovulation, the endometrium slowly thickening
However, if the disease is the case, due to thickened endometrial shedding can cause excessive menstrual flow lead to anemia, can also cause infertility, menopause delay, and even malignant (cause endometrial cancer) possible.
The following are the main women:
(1) Overweight women;
(2) Women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome;
(3) Women with ovarian cancer;
(4) Long-term use of estrogen in postmenopausal women.
The uterus is the “palace” where the fetus lives. The endometrium is the “hotbed” of life in the palace. It is where the embryos settle down and where they take root and fertilize. The fertility of the “hotbed of soil” is crucial. If the female endometrium is thin, it implies that the “soil” that is grown is poor and the embryo hardly survives at implantation and the woman can not naturally become pregnant. It is currently recognized that the late follicular endometrial thickness ≤ 7mm is considered to be thin endometrium.
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The reason of thin endometrium
● abortion
Increased unwanted pregnancy, most people choose abortion. As we all know, abortion will result in the reduction of endometrial thickness.
● serious endocrine disorders
Endometrium is a layer of mammalian uterine lining that can vary significantly with the sexual cycle. Estrus can cause uterine hypertrophy, progesterone can promote endometrial special early pregnancy changes, or change the nature of the endometrium, so that it has the ability to produce decidua. Therefore, a serious endocrine disorders will lead to hormone balance in the body, the cyclical changes in the endometrium disorder, leading to thin endometrial.
● normal endometrial growth process is damaged
Endometrium is thin due to the high resistance of uterine artery blood flow.
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Thin endometrial should pay attention to what?
● mental aspects
Maintaining a steady and enjoyable mood and avoiding excessive stress is one of the most effective ways to regulate endocrine. Pleasant women not only have health but also charm.
Physiological aspects
Menstrual attention to warm, heat pads can be placed in the abdomen or warm water bags, and promote blood circulation to accelerate, and relax muscles, reduce organ spasms, and promote menstrual discharge.
● sports aspects
Exercise can enhance physical fitness, good for uterine health. Yoga practice is the best way to maintain the uterus, yoga can ease the qi and blood circulation of female organs, regulating the secretion of hormones.
● diet
More estrogen-added foods, estrogen-containing foods are generally soy products. Also eat lamb, black-bone chicken and other meat also have some benefits. Usually diet can also eat more foods containing natural estrogen to supplement estrogen.
Eat more blood and blood, such as black beans, donkey-hide gelatin, black fungus, snow clams, soy milk, silky, honey, bird’s nest, grapefruit, walnuts, black sesame, melon seeds and so on. Destroy the endometrial apples, lemons, tomatoes do not eat.
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Endometrial thin, how to deal with IVF before and after transplantation?
Check the endometrial conditions
In the United States IVF treatment, thin endometrial women with ovulation drugs in the mid-term, while doctors take a hysteroscopic surgery, take a look at the situation of the endometrium.
Under normal circumstances, with the ovulation drugs after the endometrium can reach the desired extent, then hysteroscopy can see which piece of the endometrium loss, if there are adhesions and scars can clearly see, so the doctor Will be based on your damaged area to determine, if the damaged area is small, he may be directly repaired to determine the pregnancy is no problem, if the damage is very serious, the doctor can not recover, he will judge your situation Your specific damaged area, the success rate of pregnancy how much, to do a careful analysis, you make your own decision, if the success rate is very low, it is not worth the so-so healthy blastocysts into. From the past situation, this situation is generally need to rely on third-party assisted reproductive.
Progesterone is injected after blastocyst transplantation
In IVF treatment cycles, the PGS / PGD gene screening diagnostic technology of the third generation IVF can guarantee the quality of the blastocyst, but the blastocyst also needs a good intrauterine environment for smooth implantation, growth and development, and natural Therefore, in order to increase the success rate of IVF, it is necessary to inject progesterone, promote the proliferation of luteal cells, promote the synthesis and secretion of progesterone, support the function of corpus luteum, and then promote the growth of the endometrium. Progesterone is a natural progestin secreted by the corpus luteum and has a significant morphological effect on estrogen-stimulated endometrium in vivo, necessitating maintenance of pregnancy.
Progesterone in test tube cycle reasons:
1. Mucous glands in the late menstrual cycle gland growth, uterine congestion, intimal thickening, ready for blastocyst implantation, blastocyst implantation is to make the placenta and reduce excitability of the pregnant uterus, Inhibit their activity, so that the fetus safe growth.
2. With the joint action of estrogen, to promote full development of the breast in preparation for milk production.
